Fiscal policy

January, 2026

When global crises hit home: lessons from Kenya’s Russia-Ukraine war shock

By Prof. Jane Mariara and Jorge Dávalos

This briefing was first published by ODI Global . In this briefing, they examine a critical failure point: how institutional capacity, rather than just macroeconomic buffers, determines the severity of global shocks in countries like Kenya.

Globalization & trade

Woman leaning over table to check her temperature for Covid-19 screening

Zimbabwe: How to promote an inclusive adaptation to and recovery from the Covid-19 crisis

In March 2020, the first case of Covid-19 was reported in Zimbabwe. National lockdowns ...

People registering for Covid-19 rapid testing in Hanoi, Viet Nam

The impact of Covid-19 on income, poverty and inequality in Vietnam

The Covid-19 pandemic hit Vietnam hard, causing a surge in poverty and economic hardshi...

Women wearing masks

Social protection programs can protect people from falling into Covid-19-induced poverty in Ethiopia

The Covid-19 crisis has added to the economic struggles in Ethiopia, causing reduced ho...

A woman waits in line to be tested for coronavirus disease

Public assistance programs help mitigate the adverse economic effects of Covid-19 on Argentine households

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on Argentina's economy, causing a dr...

Health worker at 37 Military Hospital prepares for the administration of the first COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana

Free water and electricity tariff exemptions can reduce poverty and promote post-Covid-19 recovery in Ghana

The Covid-19 pandemic has left more than 77% of households in Ghana struggling to meet ...

A woman washes her children's hands in Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya

Understanding the economic impact of COVID-19 in Kenya

Despite progress in Kenya's economy after the 2008 global recession, the economic impac...

A group of men in a crowd. They are all wearing masks. One man, in the center of the crowd, wears a blue mask and is the focus of the image.

Tax relief for manufacturing and services sectors aid economic recovery from Covid-19 in Pakistan

To help mitigate the negative impact of the Covid-19 crisis, governments at the nationa...

A person wearing a mask checks their temperature by holding out their hand in from of device

Nigeria: Government Covid-19 interventions to promote inclusive adaptation and economic recovery

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused widespread economic and public health challenges, with...

Woman wearing mask holding child

Policy scenarios to promote inclusive adaptation to and recovery from the Covid-19 crisis in Ecuador

Ecuador's economy was one of the hardest hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. Governments were...

Woman counting money in Benin

A participatory approach can improve property tax mobilization in Benin

Property taxes should be a key source of funding for local governments to provide local...

Tanzania shillings

Improving property tax compliance in Tanzania

Property tax should be a significant source of revenue for the Tanzanian government, bu...

Young people in hi-vis and hard hats at a power plant in Senegal

Affirmative action policies: a springboard for youth and women’s employment in Senegal

Unemployment rates among Senegal’s women and young people are much higher than the nati...

Person bent over working the land

Boost growth and gender equality in South Africa through rural development investment

The population of South Africa faces the triple challenges of high levels of inequality...

Woman standing with shelves of preserves and freezers in her food store

Small-scale off-grid energy systems: Improve productivity by increasing women’s access to electricity in rural Nigeria

Less than a quarter of people living in rural areas of Nigeria have access to electrici...

Woman trader selling cowpeas in Nigeria

Increasing women’s access to farm land can improve food security, productivity, and welfare in Nigeria

Nigeria’s agricultural production cannot keep up with the country's population growth, ...

How VAT reductions on capital commodities can foster industrialization and boost growth in Tanzania

The Tanzanian government is introducing a VAT exemption on capital goods to foster indu...

A static CGE model of the Mongolian economy

A boom in the Mongolian mining sector has meant significant growth for the country, but...

Development of extractive industries and public spending policies in Niger (in French)

In this project – selected for support under the PAGE initiative in 2014 –&nb...

The growth and distributive impacts of public infrastructure investments in the Philippines

This study investigates the role of public infrastructure investment on economic growth...

Public infrastructure and economic growth in Pakistan

In this study, a team of local researchers in Pakistan used a combination of (CGE) mode...

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